What do they do?

4-year term · 2-term limit

Governor

Georgia's chief executive and the most powerful office in state government.

• Signs or vetoes every bill the General Assembly passes, including a line-item veto over the state budget
• Proposes the annual state budget and sets the revenue estimate that caps state spending
• Appoints agency heads, board members, and fills judicial vacancies between elections
• Commands the Georgia National Guard and declares states of emergency
• Can call the legislature into special session

Unlike most states, Georgia's governor cannot issue pardons — that power belongs to the appointed Board of Pardons and Paroles.

4-year term

Lieutenant Governor

Elected separately from the governor — the two can be from different parties.

• Presides over the State Senate and helps control which bills reach the floor
• Influences Senate committee assignments and the flow of legislation
• First in line to become governor if the office becomes vacant

The real power here is legislative: a lieutenant governor can advance or bury bills in the Senate.

4-year term

Attorney General

The state's chief lawyer and top law-enforcement legal officer.

• Represents Georgia in every lawsuit for or against the state, including multistate litigation
• Issues official legal opinions that guide how state agencies act
• Prosecutes public corruption and runs the Medicaid fraud unit
• Enforces consumer protection laws

Decides whether Georgia joins — or fights — major national lawsuits on healthcare, immigration, elections, and more.

4-year term

Secretary of State

Georgia's chief elections official — and much more.

• Oversees voter registration, election administration, and certification of results, working with county boards and the State Election Board
• Maintains voting equipment standards statewide
• Registers corporations and business filings
• Licenses dozens of professions, from nurses to barbers
• Regulates securities sales in Georgia

This office decides how easy or hard it is to register, vote, and have your ballot counted.

4-year term

Insurance & Fire Safety Commissioner

Regulates one of the biggest costs in most household budgets.

• Reviews home, auto, health, and life insurance rates and can challenge increases
• Licenses insurance agents and companies operating in Georgia
• Investigates insurance fraud and consumer complaints
• Serves as State Fire Marshal — building fire-safety codes, inspections, and arson investigation

4-year term

Labor Commissioner

Runs the Georgia Department of Labor.

• Administers unemployment insurance — claims, payments, and appeals
• Runs workforce services: job placement, training programs, and career centers
• Publishes the state's labor market data and unemployment statistics
• Enforces child labor laws

When layoffs hit, this is the office Georgians deal with directly to get benefits.

4-year term

Agriculture Commissioner

Leads the Department of Agriculture — which touches every grocery store and gas station.

• Inspects grocery stores, food processing plants, and restaurants' food supply chains for safety
• Checks gas pump accuracy and fuel quality statewide
• Regulates pesticides, animal health, and livestock disease response
• Runs state farmers markets and promotes Georgia Grown products

4-year term

State School Superintendent

Runs the Georgia Department of Education for 1.7 million K-12 public school students.

• Implements policy set by the State Board of Education
• Administers billions in state and federal K-12 funding to 180 school districts
• Oversees statewide academic standards, testing, and school accountability ratings
• Supports teacher certification and school improvement programs

Local school boards run schools day to day, but this office sets the statewide framework they operate in.